Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de turbina eólica de eje vertical para su utilización en equipos de baja potencia hasta 20 W.

Abstract

This project consisted of the design and construction of a prototype of a vertical axis wind turbine, with the specific purpose of powering low power devices up to 20W. Through dedicated research into the state of the art in vertical axis turbines and the use of advanced design software, it was possible to develop a prototype that not only meets the defined technical criteria, but also responds efficiently to the energy needs of devices. low power. This knowledge made it easy to determine the optimal dimensions for the wind turbine blades: 69 mm long, 20.3 mm wide and 210 mm high, configured on a 5-blade rotor and connected to a LW3420D120 dynamo that can generate a maximum voltage of 120Vdc output. Wind measurements carried out with an anemometer confirmed that the selected geographical location near Quito, Ecuador, is suitable for the operation of the wind turbine, with wind speeds ranging between 5 km/h and 10 km/h. The case studies, which included testing with a 10W hearing load, charging a 10W battery, and connecting an Arduino Nano, tested the wind turbine's ability to reliably sustain low power devices. In response to these findings, it is recommended to maintain continuous surveillance on technological advances in wind turbines and seek collaborations with academic institutions to validate and improve the prototype design. Furthermore, the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations is suggested for more detailed analysis of the airflow around the blades and rotor, and research into advanced solutions for energy storage that can improve the reliability and efficiency of power supply.