Obtención de biogás a partir de mezclas de agua residual de la "ganadería San Luis" en el sector del Chaupi y residuos orgánicos biodegradables del Mercado Mayorista del DMQ en un reactor anaerobio con sistema de calentamiento

Abstract

This project analyses three different biomass mixtures containing organic waste, dairy wastewater and cattle manure, these were placed in batch reactors built at laboratory scale. For the preparation of the mixtures was based on the laboratory analysis described by Tipán (2020), which details the percentages of carbon, nitrogen and moisture in the residues for the resolution of a system of algebraic equations whose result yields the quantities to be placed in the reactors. The reactors were built with laboratory equipment such as Kitasatos flasks where the anaerobic reaction occurred, pH and temperature meters for recording control variables, plastic connecting hoses, specimens where biogas was stored and heating plates to maintain an adequate reaction temperature in addition, each reactor had a gasometer for the quantification of the biogas produced. After the retention time of twenty-three days, in the first mixture was obtained 6.28 cm3 of biogas at a temperature of 29.60 C° and pH average 4.72; in the second mix, 103.62 cm3 biogas was obtained at a temperature of 34.30 C° and pH average 4.9, finally for the third mixture 3.14 cm3 biogas with a temperature of 38.50 C° and pH average 4.86. It could be observed that the best mixture was the second, as it presented higher generation of biogas at a temperature in mesophilic range, so with this load ratio the bioreath was fed with the solar heating system designed by Fabara and Nuñez (2020). The biogas, final product was performed a chromatographic gas analysis to know the concentration of 𝐶𝐻4 and of 𝐶𝑂2, these were 𝟖.𝟓𝟐𝒈𝑳 and 𝟐.𝟏𝟑𝒈𝑳 respectively. The analysis of COT 𝟎.𝟐𝟑𝒎𝒈𝑳 and DQO 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒈(𝑶𝟐)𝑳 was perfirmed to boil, by-product of the reaction.