Sistematización de un proyecto de intervención psicoeducativa mediante la aplicación de un programa de enriquecimiento instrumental para desarrollar funciones cognitivas y operaciones mentales superiores dirigido a estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales asociadas o no a la discapacidad que cursan la educación general básica en la Unidad Educativa Particular Federico Engels durante el año lectivo 2019-2020

Abstract

This study presents the systematization of the results obtained from the application of the Instrumental Enrichment Program (IEP), to develop cognitive functions and higher mental operations, in students with Special Educational Needs associated or not to the disability from 5th to 9th year of Basic General Education of “Unidad Educativa particular Federico Engels” during the 2019-2020 school year. The theory used was Reuven Feuerstein's Cognitive Structural Modifiability, which is based on brain plasticity and establishes that the human being can change the mental structure making better life conditions possible. The Instrumental Enrichment Program addresses the cognitive factor in such a way that it creates the affective characteristics that direct, orient and guide the individual's behaviors. The project was carried out in three stages, the first was the initial evaluation, which was carried out by applying the general or special Raven's Test according to the chronological age of each student, in order to obtain their cognitive condition. Then, the first module of the IEP was applied: Organization of Points, during two meetings per week. Finally, through a qualitative analysis, significant achievements were evidenced in relation to the development of their cognitive skills