Evaluación de parámetros físicos y químicos de mezclas de agua residual de la Industria láctea y residuos orgánicos para la obtención de materia prima óptima para la producción de biogás

Abstract

In this experimental work, a number of physical-chemical parameters have been evaluated, such as COD, DBO5, nitrogen, carbon, solids, dissolved oxygen and others, from biodegradable organic solid waste from the "Mercado Mayorista" of Quito that it generates approximately 22.14 t of waste per day and waste water from the dairy industry of the "San Luis" Livestock, located in "El Chaupi" in the canton of Mejía, with an estimated effluent flow of 3200 liters of waste water per day. The waste sampling system was statistically determined with the relationship for a known population and with a 95% confidence level, to obtain representative data. The analyses were carried out with standardized methods for each residue, and thus know the composition of them in order to obtain an ideal mixture of these to generate biogas, it was also considered the need for an inoculum (cow manure) for the mixture. With the results of the physical and chemical analyses a system of algebraic equations was established to determine the carbon ratio: nitrogen equal to 30 (value suitable for a biochemical process), in addition the analysis of moisture content was used; the calculations performed are based on the mass of load (2 kg) that a biodigestor could treat and a certain amount of solid waste. The results of the research indicate that organic solid waste and waste water can be used as raw material in a new production process.