Estudio botánico y fitoquímico del fruto de gustavia macarenensis, de la Provincia de Orellana, Ecuador

Abstract

Gustavia macarenensis, “El Paso” is located in the province of Orellana - Ecuador, in the cantons of La Joya de los Sachas, El Coca and Loreto, is a little species studied worldwide, hence the importance of generating information about it, it has some health and nutritional benefits for people who know this fruit. The study was carried out in the laboratories of the Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, and of Bromatology and Soils in AGROCALIDAD; determining that it is a fruit tree with a smooth trunk, pluricaule with combined branching, elliptical leaves, umbel inflorescence with 6 actinomorphic flowers of 7 white or pink petals. The fruit is globose brown flattened at the base, weighs on average 222.42 g and the proximal analysis indicates that it has high percentages of fat 31.60%, carbohydrates 26.76%, fiber 25.17%, and protein 12.39%. The vegetable oil has an IR of 1.46, 69 ºBrix, 0.90 g / mL density and by means of gas chromatography coupled to masses it was identified that the fatty acids in higher concentration are: 42.33% Á. palmitic, 40.10% Omega 9, 9.40% Omega 6 and 6.94% Á. stearic In comparison with other fruits, G. macarenensis has high percentages of fiber, fat and protein making it a good source of food, in addition its vegetable oil is edible and the fatty acids present in it are beneficial for human health, which is why it is a fruit of interest to the scientific community in future research.