Diseño y construcción de un sistema de calentamiento de agua activo mediante el uso de politereftalato de etileno interconectado con tubería de policloruro de vinilo y cobre

Abstract

This research shows the construction and performance analysis of four solar collectors with a recirculation pump and different design parameters. These collectors use water as a primary working fluid. The components of such equipment are two PVC pipe collectors black painted and two M pipe nominal diameter collectors of 0,0127 m (1/2 inch) and 15 m of length for each pipe. The pipes go through the center of the PET bottles simulating a greenhouse. Two PVC manifolds and two type M copper bottles 1.35 and 3 liters, respectively there were used. Each equipment has a peripheral pump 0,37 kW (0.5 HP) for recirculation of the working fluid and metal support structures, four temperature sensors for each equipment and a container 65 liters per equipment. Nace and Trevor [1] suggest that a PET bottle takes 400 years to discompose. According to an appropriate environmental analysis and research, the impact of PET bottles causes the planet is huge. There are tons of bottles that are used by many people daily. For that reason, it has been proposed the use of PET bottles as an alternative for heating sanitary water. The tests were performed for five weeks from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., with a shot of experimental data every 10 minutes. The maximum temperature reached by the collector type M copper tubing and PET bottles 3 liters is 51.5 ° C, for the collector pipe PVC bottles 3 liters the lower temperature reached was 3 ° C similar to the type M copper tubing with bottles of 1.35 liters and less efficient was the PVC pipe 1, 35 liters by heating water to 46 ° C. The time that takes to heat the water collectors depends on weather. The M type copper pipe manifold type M copper tubing and 3 liter bottles reported an average solar radiation of 533,07 W / m2 on clear days, starting at 09:00 at an initial temperature of 18.7 ° C water, reaching 35 ° C at noon and a final temperature of 51.5 ° C at 15:00 hours. The implementation of these solar collectors intended to reuse PET bottles because these devices are easily constructed with materials that do not represent high implementation costs and maintenance. It was used a wireless display to get data such as solar radiation, wind speed, ambient temperature, and a portable weather station. The time that takes to heat the water collectors depends on weather conditions. In the M type copper pipe manifold and 3 liter bottles, the average solar radiation was 533,07 W / m2 on clear days, starting at 09:00 hours at an initial temperature of 18,7 ° C water, reaching 35 ° C at noon and a final temperature of 51,5 ° C at 15:00. The implementation of these solar collectors intended to reuse PET bottles because these devices are easily constructed with materials that do not represent high implementation costs and maintenance. To obtain data such as solar radiation, wind speed, ambient temperature, a portable weather station was used with a wireless display. The time that takes to heat the water collectors depends on weather conditions. The M type copper pipe manifold, tubing, and bottles 3 liters illustrate an average solar radiation of 533.07 W / m2 on whithout clouds days, starting at 09:00 at an initial temperature of 18.7 ° C water, reaching 35 ° C at noon and a final temperature of 51.5 ° C at 15:00. The implementation of these solar collectors intended to reuse PET bottles because these devices are easily construction with materials that do not represent high implementation costs and maintenance.