Estudio de diversidad química cualitativa y cuantitativa de aceites esenciales provenientes de diferentes variedades de rosas híbridas de té.

Abstract

This research assessed qualitative and quantitative quality in 49 locally hybridized varieties of Tea Roses. The tests determined the performance of the essential oil and its chemical quality based on the most representative and important molecules in rose essential oils. The oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and subsequently the yield of the oils was calculated as a classification parameter for hybrids (high, medium and low yield), based on statistical values Q1 and Q3, taking into account for this study hybrids with the best yields. The chemical composition of each essential oil was determined by mass-coupled gas chromatography. The molecules present varied significantly between each sample, so it was considered appropriate to select five important compounds in relation to oil quality (citronellol, geraniol, linalool, nerol and phenyl ethyl alcohol), due to their importance in the cosmetics and perfumery industry. The citronellol/geraniol ratio (C/G) was established to evaluate the odor quality of the oil, with hybrids C015=0,803; A019=1,161; A069=1,471 and C003=1,471 which had better proportions. A predictive analysis (PCA) was also performed to establish possible associations (chemical composition and performance) between samples, with seven groups (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) that were confirmed when performing an MDS and Cluster analysis, highlighting the C003, A009 and A069 samples as the most promising for industrial exploitation.