Desarrollo de la motricidad fina en los niños de primero de básica. Estudio de caso en una unidad educativa municipal de la ciudad de Quito

Abstract

The investigated case study focused on the lack of adequate stimulation of fine motor skills in first-grade children at a school in the city of Quito, affecting their coordination and motor skills. The general objective was to analyze the process of fine motor development in these children. The methodology employed was a mixed qualitative approach, describing practices and attitudes through observations, interviews, and surveys of parents. Additionally, teaching strategies and materials used by the teacher were analyzed. Among the most relevant results, there is a highlighted need to employ finger painting techniques for the acquisition and improvement of hand-eye coordination, digital grip, and laterality since boys and girls had difficulties in recognizing right and left sides and in detailed representation of human figures. Among the main conclusions, the first point to mention is the discrepancy between the strategies declared by the teachers and those observed. As the second point, it was evidenced that finger painting, as an initial technique, significantly benefits the development of fine motor skills in children, preparing them for more complex tasks. Finally, the work emphasizes the importance of integrating graphic-plastic techniques from early childhood for integral development, advocating for the consistent application of finger painting as a valuable pedagogical resource to stimulate fine motor skills in children