Análisis de los efectos socioeconómicos del sistema de canjes de medicamentos en la Coordinación Zonal 8 del Ecuador

Abstract

The research was conducted in response to the need to strengthen the efficiency and sustainability of the Ecuadorian healthcare system, considering that the drug exchange system is a key mechanism for inventory management, although it still has limitations that affect drug availability and the rational use of public resources. The objective of the study was to analyze the socioeconomic effects of the drug exchange system in Zone 8 of the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute (IESS) and its health districts during the period 2024-2025, with the aim of identifying opportunities for improvement in health management. The study adopted a quantitative approach and was based on the application of a structured instrument aimed at pharmaceutical technicians from the IESS's Zonal Coordination 8. The information collected made it possible to analyze perceptions of the administrative and logistical factors of the exchange process, as well as to evaluate its socioeconomic effects in terms of the availability, continuity, and quality of the drug supply. Statistical analysis facilitated the identification of relationships between the functioning of the exchange system and levels of satisfaction with the pharmaceutical service. The results revealed weaknesses related to administrative planning, inter-institutional coordination, and inventory control, which limit the system's ability to reduce shortages and optimize resources. It is concluded that optimizing the exchange system requires strengthening administrative and logistical processes in order to reduce negative socioeconomic impacts and contribute to more efficient and sustainable management of the public health network.