Ubicación optima de un sistema de almacenamiento de baterías de litioion en sistemas eléctricos de distribución usando el algoritmo de colonia de hormigas

Abstract

This research aims to determine the optimal placement of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in electrical distribution networks, with the objective of improving voltage profiles, reducing active power losses, and lowering operational costs. To this end, an optimization model is developed using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to identify the most efficient BESS locations. The methodology is applied to a 33-bus test system, based on data provided by the IEEE. The results indicate that installing two BESS units at buses 13 and 31 raises the voltage profile above 0.94 pu, increases the voltage stability index to over 0.88, reduces power losses to below 0.015 pu, and decreases the annual loss cost by more than 66 %. It is concluded that the proposed methodology is effective and replicable in distribution networks with similar characteristics.