Diseño e implementación de una Red IoT energéticamente eficiente con paneles solares para los cultivos florícolas en Ecuador

Abstract

Ecuador is among the world’s leading exporters of flowers, with a high concentration of production in the Andean region (Cayambe, Cotopaxi, and Pichincha), where altitude and climate favor high-quality roses. Even so, in many farms the control of key variables—temperature, air humidity, soil moisture, and illuminance—is carried out without continuous monitoring, which increases the risk of errors in crop management and affects decision-making, especially in irrigation. In this project, an energy-efficient IoT network was designed and implemented for real-time monitoring of these conditions, using wireless sensors, long-range communication, and power supplied by solar panels with backup batteries. To improve system continuity, a mesh topology with data replication between nodes was incorporated, so that the network maintained information transmission even when a node lost connectivity. The proposal proved to be viable and scalable, with a focus on affordable costs for small producers and on reducing interruptions due to power failures.