Diseño y evaluación de un sistema de emergencia mediante un grupo electrógeno para el bloque E de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana

Abstract

The Salesian Polytechnic University faces frequent power outages that paralyze academic and administrative activities in Block E, affecting sensitive equipment, security systems, and educational continuity, generating operational and security risks for the university community. The overall objective was to design an emergency electrical system using a generator to ensure the continuity of academic and administrative activities in the event of power failures. The methodology employed a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach, including detailed energy analysis, power consumption measurements, critical load calculations, technical equipment selection according to NFPA 110 and IEEE 446 standards, and operational simulations using DigSILENT PowerFactory software to evaluate system performance under different load scenarios. The results determined a maximum demand of 84.3 kVA for critical loads, requiring a 125 kVA generator with a 25% safety margin, achieving power quality parameters within regulatory limits, 97% annual reliability, and 99.5% availability. The technical proposal includes a comprehensive system with a 100 kW diesel engine, a three-phase synchronous alternator, an automatic transfer system, a 39-hour runtime, and compliance with EPA Tier 3 environmental standards. The economic analysis demonstrated exceptional viability with an NPV of $754,200, an IRR of 98.5%, and a payback period of 1.1 years. It is concluded that the proposed system is technically and economically feasible, ensuring operational continuity, institutional security, and regulatory compliance to strengthen the university infrastructure.