Desarrollo de una plantilla ortopédica personalizada para personas con actividad bipedestante prolongada considerando la distribución de la presión plantar y comparando distintos materiales

Abstract

The aim of this project is to develop and simulate a customized orthopedic insole for teachers at the Universidad Politecnica Salesiana, Sede Guayaquil, whose, because to their long working hours, suffer from foot conditions such as plantar fasciitis, flat feet, and muscle fatigue. The proposal presents a technical solution based on structural simulation tools using finite element analysis (FEA) to optimize plantar pressure distribution and improve user ergonomics. The three-dimensional design of the insole was carried out using Autodesk Inventor software, allowing for the precise modeling of plantar geometry, the simulation of load conditions, and the evaluation of the mechanical behavior of different biomaterials. For this study, three materials with orthotic potential were considered: EVA, TPU, and silicone rubber, selected for their cushioning properties, durability, and anatomical adaptability. During the research phase, techniques such as Ashby analysis were applied for material selection, review of ISO standards applicable to medical device design, and comparative structural simulations. Subsequently, an optimized prototype was proposed for manufacturing, highlighting TPU as the most suitable material due to its balance between support and plantar comfort. Technical validation will be carried out in subsequent stages through experimental testing to corroborate the efficiency of the simulated design.