Módulo didáctico de emulación de movimientos cardiacos con control PID para el área médica

Abstract

Heart failure is one of the leading global public health concerns, affecting millions of people and placing a significant economic burden on both healthcare systems and informal caregivers. In this context, improving ventricular assist devices becomes a priority to optimize patient care, with the creation of control systems that accurately emulate natural heart rhythms being crucial. However, the precise simulation of cardiac dynamics remains a challenge in biomedical engineering, limiting the development of devices and the training of healthcare professionals. Currently, medical students use pig hearts to study cardiac anatomy, however these static models do not allow us to observe the real dynamics of the heart. Despite advances in the creation of computational models and physical simulators, existing devices still do not achieve the precision necessary to replicate the complexity of cardiac movements and associated hemodynamics. Furthermore, physical simulators are expensive and inflexible, which limits their implementation in various clinical scenarios. This thesis addresses the need to develop more accessible, accurate, and adaptable cardiac simulation models. It proposes an integrated solution that combines advancements in computational simulation with low-cost, more flexible devices, enhancing both healthcare professional training and the development of new technologies for treating heart diseases. With this approach, the thesis aims to advance the understanding of human heart dynamics, optimize the effectiveness of heart failure treatments, and contribute to improving the quality of life for patients.