Sostenibilidad corporativa como estrategia empresarial para la competitividad y desarrollo económico de las PYMES del sector comercial en Guayaquil

Abstract

This research analyzes corporate sustainability as a strategy to strengthen the competitiveness and economic development of SMEs in the commercial sector in Guayaquil. The relevance of this study lies in the progressive recognition of responsible practices as an essential factor to optimize resources, improve operational efficiency and facilitate access to new markets. The main objective is to evaluate the impact of corporate sustainability on the competitiveness of SMEs, identifying the benefits and challenges faced by organizations. For this purpose, a descriptive-analytical methodology with a qualitative approach was applied, and structured interviews were conducted with representatives of SMEs and sustainability experts. The sample consisted of companies in the commercial sector in Guayaquil that have implemented sustainable strategies in their management. The results show that the adoption of sustainable practices has enabled companies to improve their operating efficiency by between 8% and 12%, reduce costs, and differentiate themselves in the market. However, barriers such as lack of financing, scarcity of incentives and resistance to change persist. It is concluded that, although sustainability is not yet the main purchasing criterion for consumers, it represents a significant strategic advantage. It is recommended that sustainable practices be implemented progressively, prioritizing training, optimization of resources, and the development of new products.