Perspectiva sobre la reinserción a la sociedad de las personas privadas de libertad desde la vigencia del COIP

Abstract

Since the implementation of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) on August 10, 2014, the State has taken on the challenge of ensuring proper management of justice from fiscal investigations to imposed sanctions. Over the past ten years, various reforms have emerged with the aim of creating regulations and tightening penalties in accordance with the social realities that have arisen over the years (violence, insecurity, drug trafficking, etc.). However, it must be considered that those who are deprived of liberty are subjects of human rights and constitutional rights, where one or another right may be limited according to the commission of crimes, but they never cease to be subjects of rights. The purpose of this research is to identify, through interviews with legal professionals, clinical psychologists, and individuals with criminal backgrounds, the feasibility of rehabilitation programs in prisons and whether these have supported social reintegration in terms of labor, community, and psychological aspects. The aim of the research is to understand the perspectives on imprisoned individuals today and to raise awareness among both the State and the population; that despite being a country that guarantees rights, the rights of this group of people are overlooked, violated, or limited, leading to discrimination in various social areas, as well as lack of financial credits, denials in housing plan approvals, job hiring, medical attention, and more. The methodology used is based on a quantitative research model, considering the percentage information of the incarcerated individuals who at least participated in one treatment axis across all penitentiary centers in the country in 2023, and qualitative research involving bibliographic review and interviews with participants. The results reflect a realistic view of what still needs to be worked on in justice, be it during or after serving sentences, where a proper social rehabilitation structure must be established to allow for suitable reintegration into society.