Análisis de riesgos laborales para una empresa de construcción

Abstract

The construction sector is classified as high risk and, compared to other sectors, workers belonging to this sector have between three and four times more risk of dying in an occupational accident, according to the International Labor Organization, due to continuous exposure to a series of risk factors, such as the use of dangerous tools, heavy machinery, work at heights, inadequate postures and physical overexertion, which increase the probability of accidents, occupational diseases and, in general, worsen the health of workers. In the labor context, risk management is essential to ensure the safety and health of workers. For this reason, the “National Institute for Safety and Hygiene at Work (INSHT) method” was used, which facilitated the identification and estimation of risks. In addition, the Ovako Work Posture Analysis System (OWAS) was used for ergonomic risk assessment, which evaluated the physical load associated with the postures adopted by workers in the technical area. As a result of the estimation of occupational risks and the ergonomic evaluation, control measures focused on the source, the environment and the person were proposed, with the objective of mitigating the risks identified in the analyzed workstations. In particular, specific strategies were defined to minimize ergonomic risks, aimed at preventing accidents and reducing the incidence of occupational diseases associated with musculoskeletal injuries.