Desarrollo de un sistema de control automático de temperatura para el horno de calentamiento de máquinas de termoformado

Abstract

This study presents the design and implementation of an automatic temperature control system for heating ovens in thermoforming machines, which previously operated semi-automatically with manual PID controllers. The goal was to optimize resource use and automate temperature zone regulation using a Human-Machine Interface (HMI) and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The system is capable of managing between 1 and 51 heating zones, which can be adjusted via the HMI screen to control different modes: heating, cooling, or a combination of both. This allows for fast and efficient control of the temperature zones, significantly improving the machine's operation. These machines operate with a 440 V AC three-phase power system, powering 135-amp motors and 440 V AC heating resistances. Due to the high power requirements, the system was divided into two parts: a 220 V AC control system and a 440 V AC power system, ensuring safe and efficient operation.