Evaluación de la eficiencia de lodo residual en la producción de frejol (phaseolus vulgaris), cultivado en suelo agrícola, enmendado con abono de una planta de tratamiento de agua residual

Abstract

The sewage sludge extracted from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the city of Ibarra is notably considerable and must be carefully treated for its use as organic fertilizer, to prevent environmental and public health problems. The objective of this research work is to determine the agronomic efficiency of residual sludge as fertilizer in the production of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), in relation to the production obtained with commercial fertilizer. For the agricultural use of residual sludge, the laboratory results were evaluated, on sludge/dry basis analysis; provided by EMAPA-I according to criteria and procedures of NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002 regulations and CONAMA Resolution No. 375 that certify the agricultural use of biosolids. In the field, a randomized block system was used with three treatments and three repetitions: the first control plot (T1 without conditioning), the second plot (T2 inorganic fertilizer 10-30-10 150 kg/ha), the third plot (T3 residual fertilizer 150 kg/ha). Through ANOVA variance analysis, results were obtained on the different treatments (T1, T2, T3), demonstrating that there is a significant difference in the growth variables; highlighting T3 with greater development of phenological indicators and better yield with a weight of 105 g in 100 seeds and production of 1625 kg/ha, surpassing T1 and T2. In conclusion, the application of residual sludge improves the development efficiency of the growth and yield variables in the crop of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in relation to inorganic fertilizer (10-30-10).