Desarrollo de un robot móvil con sistema de posicionamiento GPS para el sembrado de maíz

Abstract

This document outlines a research project focused on the development of a mobile robot equipped with a GPS positioning system, specifically designed to optimize the maize planting process. The research arises from the need to improve efficiency and precision in agriculture, where traditional methods often prove ineffective and laborious. This issue raises the fundamental question: How can a mobile robot with advanced technology enhance the planting process compared to conventional methods? The project’s goal is to design and implement a robot that uses a microcontroller and precise sensors to achieve accurate positioning in the cultivation field, with a minimum effectiveness of 90 % under controlled conditions. The research aims to demonstrate that automation and GPS technology can revolutionize agriculture, making it more efficient and sustainable. The methodology includes the design and construction of the robot, as well as the implementation of an intuitive user interface for real-time control and monitoring. Comparative tests of the robot’s performance against traditional methods were conducted, evaluating its effectiveness in planting and positioning accuracy. The results show that the robot achieved a planting error rate of less than 10 % compared to traditional methods, supporting the initial hypothesis about the effectiveness of the technology in agriculture. Additionally, high user satisfaction with the developed interface was observed. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that integrating advanced technologies in agriculture, such as the mobile robot with GPS, can significantly enhance efficiency and precision in the planting process. Further research is recommended to explore the application of this technology in other crops and terrain conditions, as well as to continue improving the robot’s design and functionality.