Sistema de control en red inalámbrico (WNCS) para el control automático de un motor DC mediante diferentes protocolos de red

Abstract

The present study integrates MQTT, CoAP, and HTTP protocols to implement a PID control system in a direct current (DC) motor. By using the MQTT protocol, efficient, bidirectional, and scalable communication can be established between IoT devices, allowing for remote monitoring and adjustments of control parameters. This protocol is ideal due to its ability to manage messages in a lightweight and efficient manner. The CoAP protocol is used for data transfer in resource-constrained networks, optimizing information exchange by minimizing message overhead and adapting to the bandwidth and energy limitations of connected devices, thereby enhancing communication between sensors, actuators, and the PID controller. Finally, HTTP provides a user interface accessible via the web or mobile devices, offering real-time visualizations and configuration tools to improve the efficiency and accuracy of DC motor speed control. The core of the project is the PID control, a commonly used feedback control algorithm that continuously adjusts the control signal sent to the DC motor based on the difference between the desired and measured speed. This algorithm ensures that the DC motor operates optimally and stably, even in the face of load variations or changing external conditions.