Diseño de un sistema de riego por goteo mediante la reutilización del agua residual doméstica

Abstract

Drip irrigation is an efficient and sustainable technique, which allows the precise distribution of water to plants, optimizing water consumption and agricultural productivity. Its adaptability stands out, allowing it to be installed in a variety of terrains and its versatility. Plastic waste, such as bottles, represents a significant source of environmental pollution. The reuse of these bottles in the construction of drip irrigation systems contributes to reducing pollution and taking advantage of an abundant and low-cost resource. This project consists of designing an innovative and sustainable drip irrigation system, taking advantage of the reuse of domestic wastewater, the integration of recycled materials, mitigating negative impacts on the environment, and promoting sustainability. The domestic wastewater is characterized, applying the respective laboratory analyses, and determining its physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics. Considering Table 3: Water quality criteria for agricultural irrigation, and Table 4: Parameters of the levels of the quality of water for irrigation, both obtained from Acuerdo ministerial 097-A. A water treatment was implemented, it consists of a chemical process of coagulation and flocculation, and a physical process of separation by sedimentation, separating particles, and eliminating solids from the water, reducing the content of sediments or turbidity. This irrigation system design is an environmental and sustainable measure to improve water efficiency in agriculture, reduce dependence on conventional water resources, and promote environmental conservation.