Construcción de una plataforma de comercio electrónico basado en microservicios para la gestión, entrega y rastreo de productos a domicilio

Abstract

Traditionally, computer systems used to be compiled into a single file that housed all the elements of an application. However, as these systems evolve and grow, these monolithic architectures face challenges related to coupling due to the high dependency among their components. To address these inherent issues with monolithic architecture, the idea of using microservices-based architecture emerges, which is comprised of a series of small independent programs that communicate with each other through messaging channels or APIs. The purpose of this project is to detail the development process of an e-commerce platform based on microservices for the management, delivery, and tracking of home delivery products, with a primary focus on the architectural design of microservices with the proposal to automate the sale, management, and dispatch of orders to the customers of the SME "Atlas" company. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on various widely used architectural styles, such as Monolithic, REST, and Microservices, analyzing their evolution over time and highlighting the advantages and disadvantages associated with each of them. Thanks to this analysis, the decision was made to use the microservices architecture, which is characterized by its high cohesion as it does not depend on other microservices and the independence of its components. For the development of the microservices, technologies related to the Python language were used, such as Django and Django REST Framework, and communication between the microservices was carried out using Apache Kafka. The frontend of the web system was built using Django's own templates, while the mobile system was developed using Android Studio IDE with the Java language. Finally, an operational e-commerce platform was successfully built, where functionality tests were conducted to ensure that the requirements were met both in the web system and the mobile system, and the results obtained were as expected.