Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento para reutilización del agua residual en la comunidad Nizag cantón Alausí provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The area being addressed is wastewater treatment systems, which contribute greatly to the conservation of the environment. Therefore, the priority problem in the community of Nizag is the direct discharge of wastewater into the Guasuntos River without any type of efficient treatment, producing contamination not only of the river but also of irrigation areas; being a territory that is located in high mountains, the descent of dirty water implies contamination of the lower populations. Due to the above-mentioned background, the main objective is to design a treatment system that reduces the problems of unhealthiness and to reuse the treated wastewater, complying with the current environmental parameters. The theoretical basis applied is based on analytical reviews, scientific articles and experimental studies. Since it is crucial to understand the most conclusive facts that take place during wastewater treatment, the technique proposed for this project was inductive, deductive and experimental. Therefore, the sampling was done in a composite manner to proceed to have the initial data of the water analysis and at the same time to perform the gauging in one hour intervals. The design period adopted was 25 years with an initial population of 880 inhabitants, with a growth rate of 1.40% according to INEC (2010), giving a future population of 1,249 inhabitants using the exponential method. For the design flow we worked under the statistical analysis with a frequency of 99% giving 1.96 L/s and a DQO of 2101 mg/L at 95%. After laboratory treatment, a DQO of 111 mg/L was determined, complying with current discharge parameters. The proposed wastewater treatment system using the activated sludge method with recirculation meets the proposed objectives by reducing unhealthy problems, in order to reuse the treated water for agricultural irrigation in sustainable and sustainable projects for the design time.