Análisis descriptivo de estudios realizados sobre el deterioro cognitivo y su influencia en el estilo de vida del adulto mayor en latinoamérica en los últimos 10 años

Abstract

The objective of this present systematization is to inquire about different studies carried out in Latin America in the last 10 years related to “Cognitive impairment and its influence on the lifestyle of the elderly”. Through the bibliographic review of studies carried out in different Latin American countries, after a content analysis process, it was possible to use 14 studies and then an interpretive analysis was carried out, through the neuropsychological approach, the tools used were scientific journals, SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, ProQuest, Google Scholar and university digital repositories. Thus reaching the conclusion that during old age cognitive changes are generated which have an influence on the lifestyle of the elderly. It can influence the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), in the autonomy, independence and emotional state of the older adult, depending on the level of cognitive impairment that they present. Within the factors associated with cognitive deterioration in the elderly, the following similarities existed in the studies: the increase in age is an element that by itself exerts an individual influence at the brain level, the sociodemographic components, the diseases, the low or medium level of schooling represent a greater risk of suffering some type of cognitive deterioration. According to research, in general there is a predominance of mild and moderate cognitive impairment.