Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la población de la cabecera cantonal de Puerto Quito, cantón Puerto Quito, provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

This project is focused on proposing an effective treatment of wastewater from households that have a sewerage system in the cantonal head of Puerto Quito, with the design of treatment units. In the present study, the pertinent estimates were made to obtain: population data, only for neighborhoods with sewers; the extension of the project area (neighborhoods involved); and the population growth index, according to data obtained from INEC. This proposal arises from the need to control and mitigate the environmental impacts caused by the contamination of the Caoní River, since this body of water is an important element in the socioeconomic development of the sector. To begin with the sizing of the treatment units, a previous characterization of the wastewater was carried out, to determine its conditions. Subsequently, the treatability tests were carried out, which will lead to a residual water with characteristics in accordance with the provisions of environmental legislation. After having defined the treatment method, we proceeded with the calculations for the sizing of each of the units, being a better option the implementation of stabilization ponds, thus determined by the characteristics of the water and the climatic conditions of the area. With the AUTOCAD program, the design was carried out, which will allow each element of the WWTP to be located within a specific area. Finally, an economic analysis was carried out, determining the necessary costs to start the construction, operation and maintenance of the WWTP.