Establecimiento de un protocolo de propagación in vitro a partir de dos explantes de solanum betaceum

Abstract

Plant tissue culture has great potential to produce excellent quality plants, segregation of advantageous variants in genotypes with enhanced disease and stress resistance abilities. This study was conducted to contrast three pre-germination treatments on Solanum betaceum seeds, differentiate the response of two explants at establishment stage and determine the optimal culture medium at multiplication stage. The best results were obtained by the PG3 treatment (hydropriming for 24 hours), with 12 days until the emission of the radicle and germination of 100 %; regards to explant evaluation, axillary buds obtained the highest percentage of response (100 %) compared to seeds with 50 %. In the multiplication period, both physical states (semi-solid and bi-capic) obtained 100 % of shoot development, however the optimal color and the highest number of leaves was obtained with the semi-solid medium; NAA at a concentration of 0,5 ppm produced the highest number of leaves. When evaluating the interaction of state of the culture medium and concentration of NAA, M1C2 (semisolid, 0,5 ppm NAA) turned out to be the combination that produced the highest number of leaves (2), and M1C3 (semisolid, 1 ppm NAA) obtained the optimal coloration (5/5), M1C1 and M1C2 interactions produced the highest multiplication index.