Determinación del producto para quemas experimentales simulando incendios forestales con diferentes intensidades, en suelos extraídos de las zonas: Parque Metropolitano "Guangüiltagua", "Cerro Ungüí y Páramo de Paquiestancia - Cayambe", a nivel de laboratorio

Abstract

This research has the purpose to determine the experimental behavior of soil samples extracted from three areas of the province of Pichincha: Ungüí Hill, Paquiestancia Cayambe Moorland and Metropolitan Guangüiltagua Park, after being exposed to temperatures that simulate forest fires from high, medium and low intensity. A total of 27 soil samples were placed inside a flask and were exposed to 130 ºC, 500 ºC y 700 ºC during three different times, modifying the methodology of Cerdá & Jordán (2010), which studies the behavior of Spanish soil at the experimental level. The main change proposed for the samples to reach LI, MI and HI is to use the following times, for Ungüí Hill 299 seconds to reach HI, 138 seconds for MI and 30 seconds for LI, the sample soil from Paquiestancia Cayambe reach HI in 305 seconds, in 173 reach MI and 25 seconds to reach LI, finally the soils from Guangüiltagua Park reach HI in 206 seconds, 159 seconds to reach MI and 20 seconds to reach LI. Several parameters were analyzed to determine the change produced after the simulation, founding that the values of nitrogen decrease when subjected to heat treatment, the pH tends to become alkaline, the organic matter decreases, the other parameters analyzed show an increase as a result of forest fires.