Filogenia molecular del género Gongora orchidaceae, de las especies registradas en el Ecuador.

Abstract

The genus Gongora is a member of the Orchidaceae family and consists of about 60 to 70 described species, distributed from Mexico throughout Central America to Bolivia and Brazil (South America). Around 20 species of Gongora have been described in Ecuador at lowland neotropical rainforests of andes, amazon and litoral regions. Previous studies on molecular phylogenetic, support the division of Gongora into 3 subgenus and 7 sections as proposed by Jenny (1993). However, this molecular data do not resolve evolutionary relations of the genus, neither its classification at section level. For the present study, 51 vegetal samples were collected and chloroplastic regions matK and rpoC1 were amplified by conventional PCR technique and phylogenetic trees were obtained by using Maximun Likehood estimation and Tamura Nei model. The phylogenetic tree obtained is conform by 5 groups and 1 out-group and also revels matK as potential ADN Barcoding region to discriminate subgenus in Gongora. On the contrary, rpoc1 can not discriminate species of the genus Gongora. According to biogeographical analysis, Ecuador’s provinces Morona Santiago and Zamora Chinchipe presents the highest biodiversity area of species from this genus.