Quimio-biodiversidad de aceites esenciales producidos de variedades híbridas provenientes de diferentes tipos de rosas

Abstract

The extraction of rose essential oil has a significant economic importance on a global level, due to its pharmaceutical and cosmetic potential. Ecuador provides optimal characteristics to initiate large-scale extractive processes that would benefit both producers and workers. The present investigation evaluated the qualitative and quantitative quality in several cultivars of oil producing roses, among which we highlight: Damascena, Bourbon, Shrubs, Moss, Floribunda and Hybrid Perpetual, and their respective varieties. For the extraction of essential oils was used the hydrodistillation technique. The determination of the components was carried out by the gas chromatography technique coupled to mass spectrometry. The most outstanding results in both oil yield and chemical composition were determined in the following varieties: Damascena (variety DAM), Bourbon (variety A 031) and Shrubs (varieties A 029 and A 084). All these oils have yields between 0,050 % and 0,055 %, and high concentrations of the following molecules were observed: citronellol, geraniol, nerol and phenyl ethyl alcohol, which are those that determine the quality of Rose oil. The essences of the varieties DAM and A 031, fulfilled with the determinate in the norm IS0 9842 for the quality of rose oil. This research demonstrates the feasibility of obtaining a good quality of Rosa's oils and thinking about the implementation of a national industry for this purpose.