Evaluación de la actividad antihelmíntica in vitro de aceites esenciales de tres plantas presentes en la estación biológica Kutukú: Eryngium foetidum L. (culantrillo), Psidium guajava L. (guayaba), Ocotea quixos (Lam) Kosterm. (Ishpingo).

Abstract

The present investigation evaluated the anthelminthic activity of 3 essential oils from medicinal plants, used for this purpose by the Shuar people: Eryngium foetidum L. (Culantrillo), Psidium guajava L. (Guayaba), Ocotea quixos (Lam) Kosterm. (Ishpingo); against the parasites: Strongyloides venezuelensis and Ascaris spp. The lethal concentrations 50 for S. venezuelensis were: 0.261 mg / mL with P. guajava, 0.084 mg / mL with O. quixos, and less than 0.010 mg / mL for E. foetidum. For Ascaris spp were: 0.167 mg / mL for P. guajava, 0.081 mg / mL for O. quixos and 0.001 mg / mL for E. foetidum. Anthelminthic activity in vitro was evaluated in the INSPI laboratories, for S. venezuelensis in the phases of larva L1 and larva L3, and for Ascaris spp in the egg phase, and larva L2. The results in the oil of O. quixos: in S. venezuelensis LDA of (5 - 0.08 mg / mL), LMT (5 - 0.16 mg / mL); in Ascaris spp EHA (2.5 - 0.08 mg / mL) and LMT (5 - 0.63 mg / mL). The oil that showed the highest anthelmintic activity was E. foetidum with the following results: in S. venezuelensis LDA (5 - 0.01 mg / mL), LMT (5 - 0.01 mg / mL); in Ascaris spp EHA (0.16 - 0.01 mg / mL), LDA (5 - 1.25 mg / mL) and LMT (5 - 0.63 mg / mL). The most abundant molecule in this oil was the trans-2-dodecenal with 53.5%, mentioned in the scientific literature as antiparasitic. High activity was demonstrated in two of the three essential oils studied.