El teatro como herramienta para la promoción de la salud mental: una aproximación a las concepciones de profesionales y participantes de procesos teatrales, a partir de producciones narrativas realizadas entre enero y abril del 2018

Abstract

In Ecuador, since the 2008 Constitution, the MAIS-FCI Integral Community and Intercultural Family Health Care Model (MSP, 2012) was implemented. However, advances in the subject of mental health in our country leave more expectations than successes. According to the Evaluation Report of the Mental Health System-IESM (OPS, 2010) there are several elements that need to be reformed, among others, the absence of a Mental Health Law (OPS, 2010). The current Organic Health Law mentions mental health, only, with certain exhortations regarding the issue of promotion and education. In the IESM (OPS, 2010), in addition, we had the problem with the budget that is assigned by the Ecuadorian State to mental health, "for mental health actions only 1.2% of the budget of the Ministry of Public Health is available". In the same line, we have small knowledge about the contributions that art brings to health promotion. The theater and the connection with therapeutic and transformative processes is based on the psychodrama technique, created by the Romanian doctor Jacobo Levy Moreno, which is initially conceived as a group therapeutic method through action, which brings therapeutic, pedagogical and therapeutic advantages, above all, preventive. In Quito, the two predominant models that link theater techniques with mental health have been psychodrama and the Theater of the Oppressed.