Diseño y simulación de una plataforma de volteo de camiones de hasta 40 T cargados con productos alimenticios granulados para un centro de acopio

Abstract

This research addresses the design and simulation of a truck tipping platform with the objective of improving efficiency in the food industry in the freight transportation industry, efficiency and the ability to manage significant amounts of volumes are essential to ensure effective logistics. In this context, the design and simulation of trailer dump platforms emerge as crucial research areas, especially when seeking to optimize the handling of extraordinarily heavy loads. The need for efficiency in the transportation of granular materials is highlighted, proposing the use of trucks with hydraulic tipping platforms. The research focuses on the inefficiency of loading and unloading processes in the food industry, proposing the design of a tipping platform to streamline these processes. The historical development of trucks with dump platforms is described and the fundamental elements of these platforms are detailed, emphasizing the importance of the hydraulic system. Additionally, the relevance of truck tipping in the collection and unloading of products is explored, comparing the efficiency of hydraulic platforms with manual methods. The use of hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders in platform design is addressed, providing technical information on their classification and applications. CAD software for design and simulation is also mentioned. In another segment, the classification of maintenance into predictive, preventive, and corrective is introduced, highlighting the importance of integrating strategies to optimize asset management. The design of a truck dump platform is analyzed in detail, presenting three different designs and evaluating alternatives based on key parameters. In addition, technical specifications are provided for the development of a trailer tipping platform, following regulations from the Ecuadorian Institute of Standardization and international organizations such as ASTM and AISC. This set of standards and technical knowledge provides a solid foundation for the efficient and safe design of turning platforms, ensuring compliance with national and international standards. In continuity with the research, design programs were used to obtain more precise values in stresses, deformations, and reactions. SAP 2000 together with AutoCAD play a fundamental role in this type of structural studies, where the mechanical engineer leads the creation of the most efficient design, and the computer programs are responsible for accurately reflecting the real values, which must maintain a direct correspondence with advance mathematical analysis.