Evaluación de la calidad del suelo, mediante el análisis físicoquímico, para establecer la influencia de las actividades antrópicas en la microcuenca del río Cinto, parroquia Lloa, cantón Quito, provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

The present research focuses on the evaluation of soil quality, through physical-chemical analysis with the purpose of determining the influence of anthropogenic activities in the Cinto River microbasin, Lloa Parish, Quito Canton, Pichincha Province. The main objective is to understand the impacts on the soil derived from various human activities in the surroundings of the microbasin. The approach of the work was experimental and descriptive, consisting of a physical-chemical analysis carried out at six specific points (moorland, livestock, urban area, mining, fish farming, treatment plant). 24 subsamples were taken with a 25 cm deep hole at each point; which were mixed to form a sample composed of each study site. The results of the physicochemical analyzes revealed that the soils are affected by various surrounding anthropogenic activities. pH values were obtained that vary from 5.86 to 6.61, the element Barium with values from 32.9 to 160.4 mg/kg, the conductivity varies from 119.4 to 348.6 μs/cm, zinc with values from 33.6 to 60.3 mg/kg, three types of soils were identified throughout the microbasin: Loam – Sandy, Loam – Sandy Clay and Sandy – Loam. Finally, the statistical analyzes carried out show that the soil in the Rio Cinto micro-basin in Lloa does not comply with the parameters established in Ministerial Agreement 097A, in Annex 2, Table 1 and 2, to be considered a healthy soil suitable for crops. In addition, surveys were carried out among the residents of Lloa to find out what the main anthropic activities carried out in this sector are.