Diseño y construcción de un módulo didáctico del sistema de Iluminación de un vehículo Spark GT 2021 para el desarrollo de prácticas en los Talleres Escuela San Patricio (TESPA).

Abstract

Electricity in the automotive industry plays a fundamental role, since more than a third of the vehicle's value is accounted for by its electrical and electronic components. In recent years, innovations in the automotive field have been closely related to this area, in search of functional and energy efficiency improvements. Because of the constant technological progress, the automotive industry is a field of permanent innovation, this linked to the great competitiveness existing in the market, demands improvement in the processes and at the same time requires trained personnel in the area, with sufficient knowledge and skills to enhance these resources. It is considered that approximately 80% of the information received while driving is visual, therefore, the correct functioning of the vehicle's lighting system is essential for safe driving. With this background and as a contribution to the development of new training alternatives, the Salesian Polytechnic University's Automotive Engineering program is designing and building a didactic module for the lighting system of a Spark GT 2021 vehicle to offer a tool that links theory with practice, so that the students of the San Patricio TESPA Workshop School develop skills and abilities that will allow them to respond to an extremely competitive world of work. The implementation of a didactic module that shows the operation of the lighting system constitutes an excellent didactic material for the learning and interpretation of electrical circuits present in the system, such as the low and high beam, position lights, license plate and fog lights, etc. This project specifies the procedures for the design of the module, the construction of panels and assembly of elements, as well as the graphic explanation of the electrical connections made in the module, where the elements of the lighting system such as: headlights, lamps and lights, etc. are detailed. The didactic module was tested using measuring equipment and testing tools. In addition, an operation and safety manual were created to allow the correct use of the module and to keep it in perfect condition.