Principales factores psicológicos que intervienen en la adquisición de la lectura en niños

Abstract

Reading is part of the learning process that should be stimulated from early childhood, it helps communication and the development of skills within the school stage. Therefore, it is important to analyze the psychological factors involved in the acquisition of reading. In order to approach the topic, a bibliographic review was carried out to learn about the psychological factors, their importance, and strategies that will allow both parents and educators to stimulate them in order to acquire the reading process, considering the contributions of Jean Piaget, Uta Frith, among others, in the cognitive development in childhood. Considering that reading is a necessary skill in the life of the human being, it is recommended to carry out the appropriate stimulation starting at home, allowing it to be acquired correctly to be able to continue to the school stage, where the educator will look for methods and strategies that allow strengthening these skills in the child. The bibliographic review carried out through qualitative research allows to expand the contribution of parents, educators to the responsibility that implies that the child obtains a significant learning, to avoid deficits and problems at the time of acquiring this skill. In conclusion, it was established that reading is a skill that must be performed adequately, considering that psychological factors, body awareness, sense of rhythm and lateral dominance influence the acquisition of the reading process, and that the child is the main beneficiary if learning is meaningful.