Estereotipos étnicos en las ilustraciones del texto escolar de ciencias sociales

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to analyze the ethnic stereotypes that are represented in the illustrations of the Social Sciences textbook, which contribute to generating conditions of inequality and prejudice towards certain ethnic groups. It is essential to know how these illustrations are shown in the manuals used in the educational field, because these copies are used directly by the members of the educational community in the acquisition of new knowledge. The fundamental question that gives rise to this research is: What ethnic stereotypes are represented in the illustrations of the Social Sciences textbook? Regarding the methodological aspect, the mixed approach was used, which combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies; In addition, the hermeneutic method was used to analyze the illustrations of the textbook and contrast them with theoretical knowledge obtained from the conceptual framework and the statistical method that served to obtain, systematize and numerical quantify the data; the non-participatory observation technique and the observation matrices and forms were used as instruments. The results obtained show that the illustrations found in the aforementioned text substantially represent the ethnic bias towards the four groups mentioned in the study, whites, mestizos, indigenous and blacks, since they represent them in stereotyped activities for each ethnic group.