Detección de la asociación entre el Polimorfismo RS1800795 (-174 G/C) en el Gen IL-6 con enfermedades renales crónicas mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la Polimerasa en tiempo real

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a major public health problem due to its high prevalence. Several studies have indicated that inflammatory processes play a key role in the progression of this disease, with interleukin-6 (IL-6) being one of the most important mediators. This project evaluated the association between the rs1800795 (-174 G/C) polymorphism of the IL-6 gene and the presence of chronic kidney disease using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). A case-control observational design was developed, consisting of 21 samples from patients diagnosed with CKD and 22 samples from healthy individuals considered as a control group. Genotyping of the rs1800795 polymorphism was performed using specific probes to identify the GG and GC genotypes in both groups; the presence of the CC genotype was not recorded in any of the populations analyzed, representing a low frequency of the C allele in the population. In the case group, the GG genotype was the most frequent, with an observed frequency of 81%, while the GC genotype accounted for 19%. In the control group, there was a higher frequency of the GG genotype, at 77.3%, followed by the GC genotype at 22.7%. The observed genotype frequencies were comparable to the expected frequencies in both groups; using the Hardy-Weinberg test, the p-values were equal to 1 in both cases and controls. The odds ratio was estimated under a dominant model (GC + CC vs. GG); the OR value obtained was 0.8, with a 95% confidence interval between 0.183 and 3.503, and a p-value of 0.784. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that the rs1800795 (-174 G/C) polymorphism of the IL-6 gene is not significantly associated with chronic kidney disease in the sample analyzed.