Desarrollo de un prototipo de sistema portátil para la adquisición y procesamiento de señales fisiológicas orientado al control de la salud ocupacional

Abstract

Contemporary work environments have increasingly high cognitive demands, prolonged use of electronic devices, and limited postural variability. Under these conditions, risks related to stress and physical overload tend to accumulate gradually, affecting workers’ well-being and, over time, contributing to physiological and musculoskeletal alterations that can compromise both individual performance and institutional productivity. Despite this reality, preventive assessment of these risks is still frequently based on isolated measurements or subjective tools, which often fail to capture the real and sustained exposure experienced throughout the workday. This project proposes the design and development of a portable, wearable monitoring system capable of continuously acquiring physiological and postural variables through integrated sensors. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller as a processing and communication hub, interfaced with an AD8232 electrocardiographic sensor to measure heart rate (BPM) and heart rate variability (HRV), and an MPU-9250 inertial measurement unit to track thoracic posture and inclination angles under appropriate conditions. Data are transmitted in real time to an Android application via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), where metrics are processed, categorized, and visualized in a user-friendly dashboard. This architecture allows for objective tracking of cardiovascular and musculoskeletal indicators over extended periods when the connection with the mobile application is maintained and operational conditions are suitable, supporting early detection of stress-related responses and postural deviations.