Estimación de vida útil de transformadores de potencia basada en el modelado del envejecimiento del aceite dieléctrico

Abstract

This thesis aims to develop a computational model to estimate the useful life of power transformers, based on the aging of the dielectric oil. Power transformers are critical components in electrical systems, and their performance relies on an insulation system that includes both dielectric oil and paper. The degradation of these components reduces efficiency and increases the risk of failure. To address this issue, a model is proposed that simulates the thermal and chemical degradation of the oil by integrating parameters such as dielectric strength, moisture content, acidity, and dissolved gas concentration. The model is implemented in MATLAB, and various load scenarios (low, medium, and high demand) are simulated to assess their impact on the transformer's useful life. Additionally, international standards such as IEEE and IEC are incorporated to validate the results. The main benefit of this study is the enhancement of condition-based maintenance strategies, enabling electrical companies to make more informed decisions, optimizing resources, and extending the lifespan of equipment. This predictive approach will also contribute to reducing unscheduled failures and associated costs.