Desarrollo de una aplicación inmersiva para el entrenamiento en atención inicial en crisis médicas apoyado en realidad mixta

Abstract

Mixed reality (MR) has established itself as an effective tool in medical education by enabling immersive experiences that integrate the real environment with virtual simula- tions. Although its use has shown positive results in surgical procedures and advanced clinical training, its application in first aid education remains limited especially in emer- gencies that require not only technical skills but also emotional regulation and contextual judgment. This study presents the design, development, and validation of AEGIS, an ed- ucational MR application aimed at training users in five prehospital medical emergencies: airway obstruction, cardiopulmonary arrest, epileptic seizures, diabetic crises, and panic attacks. The application was developed in Unity, integrating hand tracking, color passthrough, and an animated virtual assistant, all synchronized through signals in Unity Timeline. The methodological approach was applied research and included a clinical re- view of official guidelines, 3D modeling and animation of scenarios and the assistant, instructional design based on active learning, and a functional validation with 20 univer- sity students. The results showed effective learning in all simulated cases, with outstand- ing performance in managing panic attacks, where users achieved the maximum score (100/100) on the first attempt. Participants also reported a high perception of immersion and usefulness. It is concluded that AEGIS is a technically feasible and pedagogically grounded solution with strong potential to enhance first aid training, especially in contexts with limited access to physical simulators or formal instruction.