Propuesta manual para la elaboración de los impactos de la salud física y mental en trabajadores que realizan tareas en alturas en plataformas y elevadores en la empresa TELINKSA S.A.

Abstract

Work at height represents a hazardous occupational activity that leads to serious and fatal accidents, as workers are exposed to a high risk of falls, electrocution, and entrapment. In this context, the objective of the study was to design a manual that identifies physical and psychosocial risks and establishes preventive measures for work at height using platforms and lifts at TELINKSA S.A. To this end, quantitative methods were applied using a descriptive field-based design, and the sample included the company’s operational personnel, consisting of 10 employees. For data collection, a survey was used, along with the IPERC methodology in accordance with the requirements of the GTC-45 standard. Additionally, the psychosocial risk assessment was conducted using the questionnaire issued by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Labor. The study revealed that TELINKSA S.A. employees who perform work at height are exposed to physical risks such as falls, entrapment, and exposure to electrical hazards. These physical occupational risks, together with psychosocial risks derived from workload, work organization, and stress levels, directly threaten workers’ safety and health. The evaluation of safety conditions showed that workers generally used personal protective equipment (PPE) correctly; however, significant deficiencies were identified in equipment inspection, work area signaling, rescue procedures, and continuous supervisory presence. Based on these findings, a preventive measures manual was developed, integrating technical, administrative, and psychosocial strategies to reduce hazards associated with work at height and to strengthen occupational safety management systems. Finally, the socialization of the manual enabled personnel to better understand the proposal, fostering a preventive work environment that supports regulatory compliance and contributes to the reduction of occupational accidents. The study demonstrates that comprehensive risk identification and the implementation of a preventive measures manual enhance safety in work at height, reducing the likelihood of accidents and adverse effects on workers’ physical and mental health.