Ajuste automático de la protección de sobrecorriente temporizada aplicada a sistemas de transmisión basado en simulaciones sucesivas y el algoritmo de optimización bioinspirado en saltamontes

Abstract

This research document addresses the problem of setting inverse time overcurrent protection using successive simulations in the PowerFactory environment and a bio- inspired optimization algorithm based on grasshopper behavior. The study arises from the difficulty of accurately and efficiently adjusting the 51 relays, as traditional methods prove to be inefficient. The base system used is the IEEE 9-bus model, in which overcurrent relays were placed on each transmission line, establishing criteria for primary and backup protection. The procedure includes the automated extraction of short-circuit current data at multiple fault points along each line. An optimal setting of the protection parameters is achieved in the IEEE 9-bus test system, ensuring sensitivity, selectivity, and correct operation of the overcurrent protection. As a result, the automatically adjusted overcurrent protection is ready to operate in the event of a transmission line fault. The main results obtained through the optimization of the time dial setting (TDS) guarantee a fast relay response while ensuring the coordination time interval (CTI) of 0.02 ms.