Diseño de viviendas modulares para situaciones de emergencia en Guayaquil

Abstract

This research project aims to design a modular housing proposal intended to address emergency shelter needs in the city of Guayaquil, based on technical, structural, and regulatory criteria established by Ecuadorian standards. The demand for temporary, efficient, and sustainable housing solutions becomes critical in contexts of natural disasters, forced displacement, or social vulnerability. Therefore, this study proposes a constructive alternative capable of rapid deployment, structural resistance, and relocation capacity, without compromising habitability or long-term durability. The methodology involved the review of design regulations, local climate and social conditions, selection of available materials, and structural modeling using Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional. The proposed housing unit has an area of 40.95 m² and is composed of HEB and IPE steel profiles, SIP panels for walls and slab, and a system of bolted joints that enables quick assembly, disassembly, and transport. Structural analysis verified the compliance with strength and stability requirements under critical load combinations, resulting in vertical displacements under 1.2 mm and internal forces within the elastic range, with utilization factors below 60%. Additionally, a technical comparison was made with existing emergency housing solutions provided by organizations such as MIDUVI and TECHO. The proposed model demonstrated intermediate costs but superior performance in terms of durability, adaptability, and structural efficiency. This project constitutes a viable and technically sound alternative for emergency shelter implementation, adaptable to different scenarios and scalable for broader application.