Determinación de la Ecuación de la Degradación de Cable de Medio Voltaje XLPE a 22 kV

Abstract

Based on the results obtained in this study, a degradation equation for the insulation of XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene) medium voltage (22 kV) cables has been determined. The conductor was subjected to accelerated aging for 507 days using the overload technique. Throughout this period, data were collected monthly using tools such as a megger, an ammeter clamp, a thermal imaging camera, and a hygrometer. The results indicate that insulation resistance decreases with increasing temperature, while higher short-circuit currents accelerate thermal aging. The analysis includes the calculation of the polarization index (PI), allowing for the categorization of insulation condition and future projection of its evolution. Using the Arrhenius equation, which is commonly applied to estimate chemical material degradation, a model was developed that correlates temperature, current, voltage, and conductor properties to estimate insulation lifespan. The data suggest that under normal operating conditions, the insulation has an estimated lifespan of 6.75 years, validating the proposed model.