Elaboración de planos y construcción de una plegadora manual de láminas de tol de hasta 1 mm de espesor por 700 mm de longitud

Abstract

This project aims to develop plans and build a manual sheet metal bending machine for sheets up to 1 mm thick and 700 mm long. The need arises in technical schools where industrial mechanics students face challenges in practical work due to the lack of suitable equipment. The bending machine will facilitate sheet folding, improving accuracy and reducing production time. Research was conducted on different types of manual bending machines, selecting the most appropriate option for the identified problem. The design was based on metal forming and bending principles, considering factors such as ductility, plasticity, and elasticity. Additionally, various bending methods were considered, including Vbending, U-bending, and anvil bending. The designed machine features a sturdy support structure, clamping mechanisms, and a bending table that allows for precise folds. Materials such as A36 steel were used due to their strength and ease of forming. During the construction phase, processes like turning, milling, and welding were applied to ensure quality assembly. Tests confirmed that the bending machine meets the established requirements, allowing for the execution of folds at different angles. Successful results were observed in fabricating pieces with 90° and 105° bends. For maintenance, it is recommended to periodically inspect the bearings, lubricate moving parts, and store the machine in a dry environment. Regarding safety, measures such as wearing gloves and prior operator training should be followed. The total manufacturing cost amounted to $822.70, including materials, labor, and supplies. The implementation of this bending machine in technical schools will benefit students by providing them with an efficient and functional tool to enhance their skills in metal forming.