Análisis jurídico de la delincuencia organizada en el delito de extorsión en modalidad periódica o repetitiva

Abstract

Organized crime, mainly in the form of extortion on a periodic or repetitive basis, has shown a worrying increase within the Metropolitan District of Quito, becoming a growing threat to public safety. This phenomenon, popularly known as “vaccines”, has generated a significant impact on social stability, affecting both individuals and productive sectors, which has caused an environment of fear and uncertainty in the Quito population. According to data from the State Attorney General's Office, during the years 2023-2024 there was a considerable increase in these criminal activities, which reflects an important challenge for the institutions in charge of combating them. Faced with this problem, a detailed analysis of Ecuadorian criminal legislation has been carried out, focused on the classification of these behaviors and the reforms established to sanction them appropriately. These reforms seek to adapt to the new strategies used by Organized Criminal Groups, which have perfected their methods to guarantee a continuous flow of resources through intimidation and territorial control. Furthermore, the importance of strengthening coordination between justice, security and control institutions is stressed, promoting a comprehensive approach that considers both prevention and timely response, in order to guarantee more effective responses and reduce the impact on citizens. It is also crucial to implement public policies that address the structural causes of these illicit activities, encourage greater community participation and ensure sufficient resources so that institutions can act more effectively and transparently. Palabras clave: Delincuencia organizada, extorsión, modalidad periódica o repetitiva, estructura, asociación ilícita.