Desafíos de la implementación de tecnologías 4.0 en pequeñas empresas industriales de Guayaquil

Abstract

The implementation of new technologies is globally important as it enables new forms of commerce and business models tailored to each context. Companies tend to adopt technological tools to improve workflow and staff efficiency, a topic that is both current and relevant, as modernized businesses outperform those that are not. The general objective of this research was to analyze the challenges of implementing these technologies in small industrial companies in Guayaquil. Specific objectives included identifying internal and external challenges faced by small industrial businesses when applying such technologies, determining the level of technological readiness and employee attitudes toward 4.0 technologies, and proposing methods to facilitate the adoption of 4.0 technologies in small industrial businesses. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted, involving a sample of 50 merchants from Guayaquil's small industry sector and insights from three 4.0 technology experts. The most relevant findings revealed that 84% of business owners favored allocating an annual budget for innovation. Conversely, experts agreed that implementing these technologies enhances competitiveness.