Análisis de la seguridad en las zonas francas del ecuador e impacto en la inversión y comercio exterior

Abstract

Security in free trade zones is fundamental since their strengthening has a significant impact on investment and foreign trade in Ecuador. Although these spaces can boost the country's economy, their effectiveness is limited by various risk factors. The main objective of this research is to analyze security in Ecuador's free trade zones and its influence on investment and foreign trade. To this end, it identifies the main factors of physical and legal insecurity that affect their operation, analyzes the country's competitiveness and proposes strategies to improve security and attract foreign investment. The qualitative study was based on interviews with five security experts and five foreign trade experts. The findings reveal that the lack of adequate infrastructure, legal insecurity, corruption, and poor institutional coordination hinder the development of these areas. In addition, political instability and the presence of illicit activities, such as smuggling and drug trafficking, generate uncertainty among investors. The conclusion is that it is essential to implement strategies to strengthen security, such as the use of advanced technology, personnel training, and improved regulations and interinstitutional cooperation. These actions would not only improve the perception of Ecuador as a reliable destination for investment, but would also enhance the role of free trade zones in the country's economic growth.