Apoyos y ajustes razonables para desarrollar la autonomía de estudiantes con autismo

Abstract

This research addresses the importance of an inclusive educational environment that values the diversity and characteristics of each student, promoting their development without discrimination. Its objective is to analyze how supports and reasonable accommodations impact the autonomy of students with autism. A qualitative and quantitative methodology was used through two surveys and an interview, with the participation of 16 professionals, 20 parents and 2 psychologists from the Neurodevelopment Center in Quito. The results of this study showed the following findings: the ABA method is effective in promoting self-care skills and independence, acquiring skills that facilitate their development and improve a variety of skills in students with autism. On the other hand, the Denver approach faces limitations due to the lack of trained personnel and difficulties in adapting the method to the individual needs of each student. When analyzing technology, it was evidenced that it has a positive impact since it influences and contributes to improve communication and different skills. It is concluded that a multidisciplinary evaluation is essential to adapt the curriculum to the child's needs, integrating visual tools and positive reinforcements that promote social inclusion. Collaboration between families, therapists and educators, together with the strategic use of educational technology, is fundamental to strengthen autonomy in students with autism and improve their quality of life.